Python Numbers

There are three numeric types in Python:

• int
• float
• complex

Variables of numeric types are created when you assign a value to them.

Example:-

num = 10; # int
num2 = 10.344 # float
num3 = 3+19j # complex

 When we assign the value to the variable then only the variable is created, as python is dynamically typed language.

To verify the type of datatype type() method can be used.

Example:-

num = 10
num1 = 10.278
num2 = 3+3j

type(num) # int
type(num1) # float
type(num2) # complex

You will get the output like this..

Int

Int, or integer, is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals, of unlimited length.

Example:-

x = 1
y = 35656222554887711
z = -3255522

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Float

Float, or "floating point number" is a number, positive or negative, containing one or more decimals.

Example:-

x = 1.10
y = 1.0
z = -35.59

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Float can also be scientific numbers with an "e" to indicate the power of 10.

Example:-

x = 35e3
y = 12E4
z = -87.7e100

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Complex

Complex numbers are written with a "j" as the imaginary part.

Example:-

x = 3+5j
y = 5j
z = -5j

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Type Conversion

You can convert from one type to another with the int(), float(), and complex() methods.

x = 1    # int
y = 2.8  # float
z = 1j   # complex

#convert from int to float:
a = float(x)

#convert from float to int:
b = int(y)

#convert from int to complex:
c = complex(x)

print(a)
print(b)
print(c)

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))

Note: You cannot convert complex numbers into another number type.

Random Number

Python does not have a random() function to make a random number, but Python has a built-in module called random that can be used to make random numbers.

Example:-